Pitot-static system
A pitot-static system is a system of pressure-sensitive instruments that is most often used in aviation to
determine an aircraft's airspeed, Mach
number, altitude, and altitude trend. A pitot-static system generally consists of a pitot
tube, a static port, and the pitot-static instruments.
Other instruments that might be connected are air
data computers, flight data recorders, altitude encoders, cabin pressurization controllers,
and various airspeed switches. Errors in pitot-static system readings can be
extremely dangerous as the information obtained from the pitot static system,
such as altitude, is potentially safety-critical. Several commercial airline
disasters have been traced to a failure of the pitot-static system.
Pitot-Static Pressure
The pitot-static system of instruments uses the principle of air pressure gradient. It works by measuring pressures or pressure differences and using these values to assess the speed and altitude. These pressures can be measured either from the static port (static pressure) or the pitot tube (pitot pressure). The static pressure is used in all measurements, while the pitot pressure is used only to determine airspeed.
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